1. Ngokweendlela zokukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka, izindlu zangasese zahlulwe kakhulu zibe ziindidi ezine:
Uhlobo lokugungxula, uhlobo lwe-siphon lokugungxula, uhlobo lwejet ye-siphon, kunye nohlobo lwe-siphon vortex.
(1)Ukugungxula indlu yangasese: Indlu yangasese egungxulwayo yeyona ndlela yemveli nethandwayo yokukhutshelwa kwelindle phakathi ukuya kwizindlu zangasese ezisezantsi eTshayina. Umgaqo wayo kukusebenzisa amandla okuhamba kwamanzi ukukhupha ukungcola. Iindonga zayo zamadama zidla ngokuba ngumnqantsa, nto leyo enokwandisa amandla okwenziwa kolwelo omanzi awehla kumsantsa wamanzi ojikeleze indlu yangasese. Iziko layo lephuli linendawo encinci yokugcina amanzi, enokuthi igxile kumandla oxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic, kodwa ithanda ukukala. Ngaphezu koko, ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ngenxa yokuxinana kwamanzi okugungxulwa kwiindawo ezincinci zokugcina, ingxolo ebalulekileyo iya kuveliswa ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka. Kodwa xa sitheth’ inyani, ixabiso layo liphantsi kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwamanzi kuncinci.
(2)I-Siphon yokugungxula yangasese: Yindlu yangasese yesizukulwana sesibini esisebenzisa uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo (i-siphon phenomenon) eyenziwa ngokuzalisa umbhobho wokuthuthwa kwamanzi amdaka ukuze ukhuphe ukungcola. Kuba ingawasebenzisi amandla omoya ukuhlamba ubumdaka, ukuthambeka kodonga lwedama kuthambile noko, kwaye kukho umbhobho opheleleyo onemilo yecala eguqulweyo ka-“S” ngaphakathi. Ngenxa yokunyuka kwendawo yokugcina amanzi kunye nobunzulu obunzulu bokugcina amanzi, ukutshiza kwamanzi kuyenzeka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kuyanda. Kodwa ingxaki yayo yengxolo iye yaphucuka.
(3)Isiphon yokutshiza yangasese: Yinguqulelo ephuculweyo yesiphonindlu yangasese egungxulwayo, eyongeze umjelo wokunamathisela isitshizi kunye nobubanzi malunga ne-20mm. Izibuko lokutshiza lilungelelaniswe nombindi wokungena kumbhobho wogutyulo, kusetyenziswa amandla amakhulu okuhamba kwamanzi ukutyhala ubumdaka kumbhobho wogutyulo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuhamba kwamanzi obubanzi obukhulu kukhuthaza ukubunjwa okukhawulezileyo kwesiphumo se-siphon, ngaloo ndlela kukhawulezisa isantya sokukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka. Indawo yayo yokugcina amanzi iye yanda, kodwa ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kubunzulu bokugcinwa kwamanzi, inokunciphisa iphunga kwaye ithintele ukutshiza. Okwangoku, ngenxa yokuba i-jet iqhutywe ngaphantsi kwamanzi, ingxaki yengxolo nayo iphuculwe.
(4)Indlu yangasese yeSiphon vortex: Yeyona ndlu yangasese iphezulu kakhulu esebenzisa amanzi agungxulwayo ukuphuma ezantsi echibini ecaleni kwendlela ejikeleze udonga lwedama ukwenza i-vortex. Njengoko umphakamo wamanzi usanda, ugcwalisa umbhobho wogutyulo. Xa umahluko kwinqanaba lamanzi phakathi komphezulu wamanzi kwindawo yokuchama kunye ne-lindle yokuphumaindlu yangaseseiifom, i-siphon yenziwe, kwaye ukungcola kuya kukhutshwa. Kwinkqubo yokuqulunqa, itanki yamanzi kunye nendlu yangasese idibaniswe ukuze ihlangabezane ngcono neemfuno zoyilo lombhobho, obizwa ngokuba yindlu yangasese edibeneyo. Ngenxa yokuba i-vortex inokuvelisa amandla amakhulu e-Centripetal, enokuthi ifake ngokukhawuleza ukungcola kwi-vortex, kwaye ikhuphe ukungcola kunye nesizukulwana se-siphon, inkqubo yokugungxulwa ikhawuleza kwaye icokisekile, ngoko ke isebenzisa imisebenzi emibini ye-vortex kunye ne-siphon. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye, inendawo enkulu yokugcina amanzi, ivumba eliphantsi, nengxolo ephantsi.
2. Ngokwemeko yeitanki yamanzi yangasese, kukho iintlobo ezintathu zezindlu zangasese: uhlobo lokwahlula, uhlobo oludityanisiweyo, kunye nodidi olufakwe eludongeni.
(1) Uhlobo lokwahlula: Uphawu lwayo kukuba itanki yamanzi kunye nesihlalo sendlu yangasese yenzelwe kwaye ifakwe ngokwahlukileyo. Ixabiso lincinci, kwaye ukuthutha kulula kwaye ukugcinwa kulula. Kodwa ithatha indawo enkulu kwaye kunzima ukuyicoca. Kukho utshintsho olumbalwa kwimilo, kwaye ukuvuza kwamanzi kuthanda ukuba kwenzeke ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Isimbo sayo semveliso sindala, kwaye iintsapho ezinohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselwe kunye neemfuno ezilinganiselweyo kwiindlela zangasese zingakhetha.
(2) Idityanisiwe: Idibanisa itanki yamanzi kunye nesihlalo sendlu yangasese ibe nye. Xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lokwahlula, luthatha indawo encinci, ineenguqu ezininzi kwimilo, kulula ukuyifaka, kwaye kulula ukuyicoca. Kodwa ixabiso lemveliso liphezulu, ngoko ke ixabiso liphezulu ngokwemvelo kunelo leemveliso ezihlukeneyo. Ilungele iintsapho ezithanda ucoceko kodwa ezingenaxesha lokukhuhla rhoqo.
(3) Udonga luxhonyiwe (udonga lunyuswe): Udonga luxhonywe ngokwenene luzinzisa itanki yamanzi ngaphakathi eludongeni, kanye “njengokuxhoma” eludongeni. Iingenelo zayo kukugcina indawo, ukukhupha amanzi kumgangatho omnye, kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuyicoca. Nangona kunjalo, ineemfuno ezikumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu kwitanki yamanzi eludongeni kunye nesihlalo sendlu yangasese, kwaye ezi mveliso zimbini zithengwa ngokwahlukeneyo, nto leyo ebiza kakhulu. Ifanelekile kumakhaya apho indlu yangasese ihanjiswe khona, ngaphandle kokuphakamisa umgangatho, okuchaphazela isantya sokugungxulwa. Ezinye iintsapho ezikhetha ukulula kwaye zixabise umgangatho wobomi zihlala zikhetha.
4 Ngenxa yokuba ubungakanani obuncinci betanki yamanzi bufuna obunye ubuchwephesha bokunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamanzi, ixabiso libiza kakhulu.
(5) Akukho manziyangasese itanki: Uninzi lwezindlu zangasese ezidibeneyo ezihlakaniphile zikolu luhlu, ngaphandle kwetanki yamanzi ezinikeleyo, exhomekeke kuxinzelelo lwamanzi olusisiseko ukusebenzisa umbane ukuqhuba ukuzaliswa kwamanzi.
